I found the cause of Hypertension, or at least a model equation, and also a physiological fundament for Atherosclerosis. That simple.

Also the reason for the temperature of the body in humans (temperature of the blood more precisely).

Without exaggeration, I’m 100% sure that it works in the way I propose.

The formula that governs evaporation of isoprenes at different pressures of liquid or ambient is the following; I deduced it simply by looking at a forgotten pape from the 1930’s. In that PDF, the equation is nowhere to be found:

BoilingTemperature == P.mmHg * 0.0382 °C/mmHg + 34.076°C

As far as I know, I’m the first in the modern age to unearth that formula (me, Juan Manuel Cabo, in August the 1st of 2024).
The constant 0.0382 is the scale factor and 34.076°C is the offset.
It scales with pressure and the offset is the temperature of boiling at the ambient pressure (760mmHg).

Then, and this is great, I trembled when I put values into the formula, since it explains the blood temperature of the human body and the minimum blood pressure.

Putting 80mmHg into the formula, we get a boiling temperature of 37.132°C.

Using 120mmHg as input, we get 38.66°C.

This means, that for the normal diastolic blood pressure (80mmHg) and the normal systolic (120mmHg above the standard 760mmHg atmospheric pressure), the maximum temperature in which th eblood can be without isoprenes volatilize to gaseous phase (perhaps suddenly), is 37.132°C, 38.66°C.

A person with hypertension, with 150mmHg of pressure possibly has a bigger load of free isoprenes in blood and needs to elevate the blood pressure a lot more, so that the boiling temperature of isoprenes (boiling point) is shifted a little more, and a little more each time and so:

150 * 0.0382 + 34.076°C == 39.806°C.

So, the temperature of the blood can go up safely a little more. And to the contrary, if one’s body is not being able to regulate temperature, or perhaps needs to “burn isoprenes”, the body can ask to diminish the lumen of blood vessels and increase the heart pressure, to displace what I call Isoprene Danger Zone a little further away. This strategy I decided to call “Isoprene Danger Zone Avoidance” (IDZA).

So, at 120mmHg there is margin only up to 38.6°C, but at 150mmHg systolic blodo pressure we have up to 39.8°C. A big difference. If the blood was higher than that, isoprenes can destroy tissue. More on that later when I talk about atherosclerosis, plaque and clots.

The history of the formula:

I was a bit obsessed with the topic of food hypersensitivity. In the fall of 2024, I paid 800usd for a test of sensitivities called ALCAT (I asked for the whole 200 ingredients and preservatives to be tested), and I started paying more attention to each ingredient, not just in foods but in everything.

By the end of July 2024, my diet at the time was all about eliminating toxins as much as possible. In January 2020 I quit smoking, a habit that I had for 20 years. In January 2023 I quit caffeine for good (Pepsi and coffee). Finally, by winter 2024 I was experimenting with a diet low in additives, in particular, following the ideas of Garrett Smith and Grant Genereux of avoiding Vitamin A. Testing, just for the sake of testing, with an open mind. I don’t need to believe. Having a sensitivity for unheated milk, be it with or without lactose, but not to certain milk products (I tolerate hard cheese, fermented, a bit more, sometimes butter, etc.), that diet resulted compatible, now that in Argentina all milk in sale at this time is suplemented with Vitamin A.

Vitamin A is made with isoprene subunits. One Retinol (the active form of Vitamin A) is half a molecule of Beta-Carotene. One Beta-Carotene is composed of 5 molecules of isoprenes.

Isoprene formula is C5H8.

In some circles of alternative health, some vitamins are loved while in others, the same vitamins are looked upon in a bad light. Very bad.

On thursday 1 and friday 2 of august 2024 I had both tetric and magical days. was sorry because my simple diet that played with the amount of Vitamin A was not working. It included lots of lemon juice (I’m very particular in that sense, in the sense of individualizing each ingredient of the diet). I started looking for which could be the problem, also with lists of shampoo ingredients. I wanted to know more about D-Limonene which is found in lots of shampoos and also in lemon juice.

Also, I was searching for about allergies, in particular to Latex, because of Latex gloves, latex paint and latex pillows (which I still use, but I definitely can’t tolerate latex gloves). It turns out that I found that who which has allergy to latex, those groups, have also in common an allergy to banana trees [Delbourg, 1996]. The latex gloves, also have a sepcial powder so that the hand slips and fit the glove and move, in fact made with corn starch, (which in theory has nothing of Vitamin A or its precursor Beta-Carotene according to the USDA https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/169698/nutrients (supposedly 0% because of not containing fats to sustain Vitamin A, but they don’t indicate anything about Retinoic Acid, which indeed is soluble in water).

I started looking into the topic of rubbers, because I, in addition to having a background in a technical school, and in problem solving, want to know also about matters of materials. Also, because my Latex pillow is of a superior level to memoryfoam (in my humble perspective), and also hard to procure, to buy, but I was afraid it could give me problems in the future (for now I’m still using it).

It turns out that I remembered that Garrett Smith had mentioned something about subunits of Retinol being similar to the peaks of Neoprene [Garrett Smith, 2024]. In effect, those peaks fulfill a structural role, and are something in polimerization [see my other article about clots and isoprene].

I researched the topic of rubbers, and came to Terpenes. Then Isoprenoids. It turns out that Latex is made of isoprenes, and is a rubber but in certain conditions it is liquid, and is secreted by the interior of plants, and fulfills the role of a kind of cicatrization in the plants when a bush tree or latex plant is opened and has contact with the exterior, the latex that pours, hardens.

I looked for the Hazards sheet in isoprene, and saw that it can be carcinogenic. I just wanted to find whether free isoprenes can cause damage. In the end, I found something much more juicy. It turns out that I think they have roles inextricable with life on earth, and like everything they can be bad in free quantities. The datasheet, showed several things, in particular a boiling point of 34.07°C at atmospheric pressure. I chewed on the topic a bit and continued with something else.

Something was itching my mind anywas and I obsessed with that. It turns out that 34°C is the temperature at which Wim Hof, known dutch guru of wellbeing, who specializes in teaching to not suffer cold in pure snow and a breathing exercise similar to very old yogas (Tummo Breathing) that has some things in common with Buteyko, that provides several benefits.
JUST THAT TEMPERATURE OF 34°C exactly as said in a long interview of more than 1h45m [ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vX-_fq-c50&t=50m29s at minute 50m29s ], was measured in his body by a team of research doctors while he swam in a tub with more ice than water and his body, not of Yogi but of a cherishable crazy fellow that knows how to teach that trick very well, was kept in the way of a space heater at the level of the of thoracic muscles at a constant temperature of 34°C. When I saw that interview in Diary Of A CEO, I fell on my ass. I watched it on Saturday the 3rd August 2024. See [Vilhauer, 2025] and [Kamler, 2009].
I IMMEDIATELY THOUGHT of a change of phase as a stabilizing process of the temperature. As a buffer process, a buffer that stopped the temperature from going further until all the phase change material completes the change of phase.

(I am now pondering whether the heat comes from fat burning and the IDZA limits the temperature, or perhaps depolimerization of cholesterol to isoprenes in cell membranes is what keeps us warm).

As an example, a stewpot with water is not permitted to go beyond 100°C until evaporating all the water. The water impedes the elevation of temperature beyond its boiling point.
When a molecule of water leaves boiled, it takes with it a quantum of temperature.

Having found before this magic temperature of 34°C which was the boiling point of isoprenes, I became much more obsessed, and started looking for a way to check exactly the curve of boiling or evaporation at blood pressure. or at least the exact number for the boiling point temperature at blood pressure, or at least the boiling point of isoprenes whithin the human body. Instead of at atmospheric pressure (lungs).

I found several work by some scientists [Sharkey, 2007], [Siwko, 2007], [Loreto,Velikova, 2006] that found that plants use evaporation of isoprenes in their leaves as a buffer defense against the change of temperature while being heated by the sun. It’s EVAPORATIVE COOLING without a doubt, the same process that makes sweating in humans to lower our skin temperature and the rest of the body to temperatures inferior to ambient (one can remain at 36.8°C in the armpit with an ambient temperature of 40°C). It consists of that the molecule of water in the case of skin (I now think that isoprenes must have a role in human sweat), or the molecule of isoprenes in the case of plants are agitated with the heat of the sun or ambient until releasing from the aqueous phase to split and go into gaseous phase. That energy that they take, leaves the plant leaf or body skin, a little more colder. What cools, heats another thing. The isoprene warms up, and the leaf get colder, looses mass and energy when the isoprene volatilizes.

Everything was getting more interesting.

Like mad, I began to searching various terms to find the phase change properties of isoprene and found a very old paper, the next one, but still no luck:

            ISOPRENE – Physical Properties – 1936_jresv17n6p883_A1b

“Some Physical Properties Of Isoprene”, by Norman Bekkedahl, Lawrence A.
Wood, and Mieczyslaw Wojciechowski., 1936,

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS,
RESEARCH PAPER RP951 Part of Journal of Research of the National Bureau
of Standards, Volume 17, December 1936

The FORMULA I LOOKED FOR WAS NOT FOUND ANYWHERE!
But I found the data in a table, yet no formula. It was the following:

All I needed was the data, which has the scaling factor with pressure and the offset at ambient pressure.

It was 34.076°C corresponding to 0mmHg above 760mmHg of mercury, the standard atmospheric pressure. With each increment of 1mmHg, the boiling point rises 0.0382°C (scaling factor). There are other measures cited on the paper, and the exact values can be improved. The paper cites 34.124°C, y 34.102°C as alternatives, according to the purity of the samples. And the delta temp above pressure has an alternative also at 0.0383 °C/mmHg.

The formula is composed in this manner, as I put it further above in this article. I WAS SHOCKED IT WASN’T FOUND IN THE PAPER.

With those two values, I can fit a linear curve, which will be useful in the vecinity of values to the ambient pressure:

BoilingPointTemperature  ==  P.mmHg * 0.0382 °C/mmHg  + 34.076°C

I was proud of rescuing this equation from the space between paragraphs, and excited. Because I can’t keep it just to myself, it belongs to humankind, and who knows how long was it going to be before someone made the connection. A fool like was necessary, with systems thinking and a passion for bialogy and some of physics.

37°C degrees, is… THE TEMPERATURE OF BLOOD.

I thus found, I think, the physiologicial basis for the temperature of the blood. The blood, would keep to a temperature margin given by the evaporation of free isoprens, which are found in the membranes of cells, but there polymerized as Dolichol (in variable amounts), as CoQ10 and as Cholesterol, whose precursor is Squalene, which is composed of 6 isoprenes (it is a triterpene). Cortisol, Vitamin D, Testosterone and other molecules based in sterols, are also made from isoprenes.

My days were to get more interesting, almost without sleep, the following hours.

There are consequences with atherosclerosis, glucose consumption, cholesterol formation, dolichol, and the role of cortisol. And my idea of isoprene as the coin currency in the vegetable world and later the animal world, carrier of the double carbon union. And… Global Warming (as temperature buffer,  and the biggest VOC emitted).

Isoprene Danger Zone Avoidance:

I call IDZ (Isoprene Danger Zone) to the zone in which burning isoprenes doesn’t give a the desired heating effect but instead breaks everything, furthermore, it can be butter to burn other molecules as product of metabolism and give free range to maximum temperature. (Keep in mind that in the 19th century, skin temperature was one whole degree more in populations. In fact 100°F Farenheit were picked as the temperature of the skin, which now shifted). Then the dangers of isoprenes are, in my opinion:

-That it could get polymerized uncontrollably into rubber inside the organism.
-That it could volatilize inside the liquid phase
-That the body cannot raise its temperature further than the limit margin. Maximum Temperature Stress.

The concept, in my mind, is analogous to the SOA (Safe Operating Area) of MOSFETs. Here as an example, the area under the curve which is safe to operate a very popular mosfet (IRF540) inside which it doesn’t cause a temperature avalanche, a cascade, physical parameteres getting out of control that impedes it stabilizing by itself, or that it soars above the evacuation temperature silicon junction.

               
(There are many ways to characterize the SOA of a MOSFET semiconductor in particular.)

Fermentation:

Oh surprise the ideal temperature to ferment vegetables is exactly 34°C in Burpee recipients, which are the ones that must be open every now and then to ventilate. I suspect isoprenes have lots to do. Maybe by fermenting we are getting rid of isoprenes. Or maybe they just dictate the maximum temperature at which to ferment.

Referencias:

[Bekkedahl, 1936] “Some Physical Properties Of Isoprene”, by Norman Bekkedahl, Lawrence A. Wood, and Mieczyslaw Wojciechowski., 1936, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, RESEARCH PAPER RP951 Part of Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Volume 17, December 1936. https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/jres/17/jresv17n6p883_A1b.pdf

[Garrett Smith, 2024] “algo de que  las subunidades del Retinol son parecidas a los picos del neopreno”  Video de 2024 discutiendo Vitamina A en https://www.youtube.com/@NutritionDetective/videos

[Sharkey, 2007] Sharkey TD, Wiberley AE, Donohue AR. Isoprene emission from plants: why and how. Ann Bot. 2008 Jan;101(1):5-18. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcm240. Epub 2007 Oct 6. PMID: 17921528; PMCID: PMC2701830.

[Siwko, 2007] Magdalena E. Siwko, Siewert J. Marrink, Alex H. de Vries, Arkadiusz Kozubek, Anton J.M. Schoot Uiterkamp, Alan E. Mark,
Does isoprene protect plant membranes from thermal shock? A molecular dynamics study, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) – Biomembranes, Volume 1768, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 198-206, ISSN 0005-2736, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.09.023.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005273606003555)

[Loreto,Velikova, 2006]  Velikova V, Loreto F, Tsonev T, Brilli F, Edreva A. Isoprene prevents the negative consequences of high temperature stress in Platanus orientalis leaves. Funct Plant Biol. 2006 Oct;33(10):931-940. doi: 10.1071/FP06058. PMID: 32689303. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32689303/

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